Chemical Properties |
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| CAS NO | 75-05-8 | Synonyms | Methyl cyanide Cyanomethane |
| Formula | C2H3N | Formula Weight | 41.05 |
| Form | Liquid | Melting point | -48° |
| Boiling Point | 80-82° | Flash Point | 5°(41°F) |
| Density | 0.786 | Refractive Index | 1.3440 |
| Storage & Sensitivity | Ambient temperatures. | Solubility | Miscible with water, alcohols, ethers, acetone, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and ethylene chloride. Immiscible with saturated hydrocarbons (petroleum fractions). |
| MDL number | MFCD00001878 | ||
Applications
Acetonitrile is utilized as a polar aprotic solvent in organic synthesis, and in the purification of butadiene. It is used in all the analytical laboratories as a major component of mobile phase in High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and in Liquid Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). It is used for the extraction of fatty acids, spinning fibers and casting and molding of plastic materials. Aqueous two-phase systems based on acetonitrile and carbohydrates play an important character in the extraction and purification of biomolecules called vanillins. It acts as a stabilizer for the chlorinated solvents, and finds use in the production of DNA oligonucleotides.
Notes
Incompatible with alkali metals, acids, bases, reducing agents and oxidizing agents. Highly flammable. Store it away from heat, sparks, and flame exposure.